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AkashManoj_2018Y-_能够检测隐性心脏病的救命设备_
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| When I was 13, |
当我13岁时, |
| I lost my grandfather to a silent heart attack . |
我的祖父由于隐性心脏病突然去世. |
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heart attack:n.[医]心肌梗塞
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| What happened to be more shocking was that at 75, grandpa was really normal, healthy and energetic , but he was diabetic . |
令人更加感叹的是那天他75岁, 我的祖父非常正常、健康、充满活力, 但他患有糖尿病. |
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energetic:adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的;需要能量的;积极的; diabetic:adj.糖尿病的,患糖尿病的;n.糖尿病患者;
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| Learning all of this was so painful that I decided to go out on a war against this deadly killer and see what could be done. |
理解这一切对我来说很痛苦, 于是我决心和这个致命的疾病一战, 看看能做到什么。 |
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painful:adj.痛苦的;疼痛的;令人不快的; deadly:adj.致命的;非常的;死一般的;adv.非常;如死一般地;
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| It was shocking to discover the results of recent studies that have shown an estimate of nearly eight million people who die from heart attacks every year. |
最近的研究揭露一个惊人的数据, 即将近800万人 每年死于心脏病。 |
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estimate:v.估计;估算;估价;n.估价;(对大小、数量、成本等的)估计;估计的成本;
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| Heart attacks occur for many reasons, but most often, they occur when arteries get clogged , blood flow is cut off and oxygen-starved cells in the heart muscles start to die. |
心脏病发病原因很多, 但在通常情况下, 大部分原因是动脉堵塞, 血流受阻, 心肌缺氧的细胞开始死亡。 |
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occur:v.发生;出现;存在于;出现在; arteries:n.[解剖]动脉(artery的复数);v.给…提供动脉(artery的单数第三人称); clogged:v.(使)阻塞,堵塞;(clog的过去分词和过去式) oxygen-starved:缺氧的 muscles:n.肌肉(muscle的复数);
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| You may know the common symptoms of a heart attack: chest pain, arm pain, shortness of breath, fatigue , et cetera ... |
你或许知道心脏病的几个常见症状: 胸痛,胳膊痛,呼吸短促,疲劳等... |
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symptoms:n.症状;征候;征兆;(symptom的复数) shortness:n.不足;简略; fatigue:n.疲劳;劳累;厌倦;(金属或木材的)疲劳;v.疲劳;使疲乏;(士兵)担任杂役; et cetera:na.以及其他;
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| but there is a type of heart attack that is quite common, just as deadly, but harder to detect because the symptoms are silent. |
但有一种心脏病非常常见, 同样致命, 但更难检测,因为症状是隐性的。 |
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detect:vt.察觉;发现;探测;
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| People having silent heart attacks just don't realize what's happening, so they're not seeking medical attention, which means they're less likely to receive the treatment that they need at the critical moment. |
患有隐形心脏病的人 意识不到正在发生什么, 所以他们不会要求医疗看护, 这就意味着在关键的时刻 他们不大可能得到所需的治疗。 |
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seeking:v.寻找;寻求;谋求;争取;(向人)请求(seek的现在分词) treatment:n.治疗;疗法;对待;处理;讨论; critical:adj.鉴定的;[核]临界的;批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的;决定性的;评论的;
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| And even if they do get to the hospital by chance , either before or after they are struck by a heart attack, they might have to go through one or more of these time-consuming , expensive tests and treatments , which are currently considered the gold standards of heart-attack diagnosis . |
即使他们刚好去了医院, 不管是犯病之前还是之后, 他们也许要经历 不止一次的测验和治疗, 费时且昂贵, 而这样的做法被看作是 心脏病诊断的黄金标准。 |
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by chance:偶然;意外地; time-consuming:adj.耗时的;旷日持久的; treatments:n.治疗;疗法;对待;处理;讨论;(treatment的复数) currently:adv.当前;一般地; standards:n.标准,水平,规格(standard的复数) heart-attack:n.[医]心肌梗塞 diagnosis:n.诊断;
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| The greater concern , however, is that these silent heart attacks account for nearly 45 percent of all heart attacks. |
然而,更令人担忧的是, 所有心脏病中 45%是隐性心脏病。 |
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concern:v.涉及,关系到;使担心;n.关系;关心;关心的事; account for:对…负有责任;对…做出解释;说明…的原因;导致;(比例)占;
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| Patients with diabetes and similar disorders suffer from nerve damage that prevents them from feeling the sort of pain that usually signals to someone that he or she may be having a heart attack. |
患有糖尿病和 相似失调疾病的患者 神经严重受损,导致痛觉不灵敏, 而这些痛觉是信号 提醒人们可能性的心脏病发作。 |
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Patients:n.接受治疗者,病人;(patient的复数) diabetes:n.糖尿病;多尿症; disorders:n.无秩序,混乱; v.[电子]扰乱(disorder的单三形式); nerve:n.神经;勇气;神经质;神经紧张;v.鼓足勇气;振作精神;
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| Which means they suffer the damage of a heart attack without even knowing or feeling anything. |
这意味着当心脏病发作时, 他们甚至无法察觉。 |
| These already at-risk patients suffer from nerve damage, and they do not get immediate medical care. |
这些高危病人神经受损, 不能得到及时的医疗护理。 |
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at-risk:adj.处于危险中的;
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| They do not know anything before an unlikely event is about to occur. |
在这样的小概率事件发生前, 他们一无所知。 |
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unlikely:adj.不大可能发生的;非心目中的;非想象的;难以相信的; is about to:眼看就要;即将;正要;行将;
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| My grandfather was an at-risk patient, too. |
我的祖父也是高危病人。 |
| I probed this issue further -- read as much as I could to understand the heart, met researchers and worked across labs in India. |
我进一步研究这个问题—— 阅读大量资料了解心脏, 与研究者会面并在 印度各地实验室工作。 |
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probed:探测;探索(probe的过去式和过去分词); issue:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;发行; labs:n.实验室;实验大楼;(lab的复数)
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| And finally , after three long years of persistent research, what I have to share with the world today is a promising solution . |
最后,持续研究三年后, 我要在今天分享 一个有前途的解决方案。 |
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finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地; persistent:adj.固执的,坚持的;持久稳固的; solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答;
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| A noninvasive device that is inexpensive , portable , wearable by at-risk patients at all times. |
一个无创设备,不贵,易携带, 高危病人可以一直佩戴。 |
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noninvasive:adj.非侵袭的;非侵害的; device:n.装置;策略;图案; inexpensive:adj.廉价的;不昂贵的; portable:adj.便携式的;手提的;轻便的;n.便携机;(尤指)手提电脑; wearable:adj.可穿用的,可佩带的;耐用的;n.衣服;
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| It greatly reduces the need for a blood test and works 24/7, collecting and analyzing data at preset intervals . |
它大大减少了验血的需要, 全天候工作,在预设间隔时段 收集分析数据。 |
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greatly:adv.很,大大地;非常; blood test:n.验血;vi.作血液检查; analyzing:adj.分析的;v.分析(analyze的现在分词); preset:vt.事先调整;事先装置;n.预调装置;adj.预先装置的;预先调整的; intervals:n.间隔;[声]音程(interval的复数);
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| And all this data is collected for a single purpose: detecting heart attacks as they occur. |
收集这些数据只有一个目的: 在心脏病发作时及时检测。 |
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detecting:n.检测;检定;v.发现;探知(detect的现在分词);adj.探测的;
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| This is a very promising solution that might help us in the future. |
这个设备大有希望, 可以在未来帮助我们。 |
| You may not know how intelligent your heart really is. |
你也许不知道心脏有多聪明。 |
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intelligent:adj.有才智的;悟性强的;聪明的;有智力的
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| It tries to communicate to your body multiple times before failing, by indicating symptoms like chest pain. |
它在停止工作前会和身体多次交流, 比如显示胸痛等的症状。 |
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multiple:adj.数量多的;多种多样的;n.倍数; indicating:v.表明;显示;象征;暗示;(indicate的现在分词)
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| These symptoms are triggered when the heart loses out on oxygen-rich blood flow. |
这些症状的诱因是 心脏得不到氧气充足的血流。 |
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triggered:v.发动;引起;触发;开动;起动;(trigger的过去分词和过去式) oxygen-rich:富氧的;
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| But remember I told you about the nerve damage. |
但还记得我说过的神经受损吗。 |
| It silences these symptoms before a silent heart attack, which makes it even deadlier . |
它会使隐性心脏病的症状不被察觉, 从而使心脏病更加致命。 |
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deadlier:击中要害的,致命的,致死的;
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| And you may not even know the common symptoms. |
你或许甚至都不知道这些典型症状. |
| Meanwhile , the heart also sends out certain biomarkers -- cardiac biomarkers or proteins that are SOS messages -- in the form of SOS messages -- into your bloodstream , indicating that the heart is at risk. |
同时,心脏也会发送一些生物标记—— 心脏生物标记或者 蛋白质是求救信号—— 以求救信号的形式—— 进入血液, 提醒心脏处于危险之中. |
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Meanwhile:adv.同时,其间;n.其间,其时; biomarkers:n.生物标记;生物指标(biomarker的复数); cardiac:n.强心剂;强胃剂;adj.心脏的;心脏病的;贲门的; proteins:n.[生化]蛋白质(protein复数); bloodstream:n.[生理]血流,血液的流动;
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| As it gets riskier and riskier, the concentrations of these cardiac biomarker proteins keep increasing abysmally . |
随着风险上升, 这些心血管标记物蛋白的浓度 会保持不正常的增长。 |
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riskier:冒险的(risky的比较级); concentrations:n.关注点;[土壤]浓聚物(concentration的复数); abysmally:一败涂地
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| My device solely relies on this data. |
我的设备单纯依靠数据。 |
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solely:adv.单独地,唯一地; relies:信任;
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| The key is that these cardiac biomarkers are found in one of the earliest stages of a heart attack, when someone is almost sure to survive if he or she gets prompt care. |
关键是在心脏病初期 发现这些心血管标记物, 在这个阶段如果病人得到及时治疗, 非常有可能存活。 |
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prompt:n.提示; v.提示; adj.迅速; v.准时地;
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| And my device is solely based on that basis. |
我的设备仅以此为基础。 |
| And here's how my device works. |
下面介绍设备如何工作。 |
| A silicon patch is worn around your wrist or placed near your chest. |
硅片穿戴在手腕附近 或者放在胸部附近。 |
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silicon:n.[化学]硅;硅元素; patch:n.补丁;小片;眼罩;色斑;v.修补;打补丁;缝补; wrist:n.手腕;腕关节;v.用腕力移动[送出,抛掷等];
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| Without having to prick your skin for a biomarker blood test, this patch can spot, isolate and track a heart-attack specific biomarker called H-FABP, and alerts you if and when it reaches a critical level in your bloodstream -- |
不用刺穿皮肤进行标记物血检, 这个硅片可以发现、分离并追踪 心脏病特有的标记物,即H-FABP, 并会当标记物在血液中 达到临界水平时警告—— |
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prick:v.刺,戳;刺伤,刺痛;竖起;n.刺,扎;刺痛,刺伤;阴茎;锥;adj.竖起的; isolate:v.孤立; n.[微]分离菌; track:n.小道;足迹;车辙;轨道;v.追踪;跟踪; specific:adj.特殊的,特定的;明确的;详细的;[药]具有特效的;n.特性;细节;特效药; alerts:n.警报; v.通知(alert的第三人称单数);
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| a process that's much simpler, easier and cheaper than conventional methods of heart-attack diagnosis. |
这个过程比心脏病传统诊断方法 更简单、简便,低成本。 |
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process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; conventional:adj.符合习俗的,传统的;常见的;惯例的;
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| By checking on biomarker concentration data, a system like this, with advanced research in the future, could significantly reduce the need for an at-risk patient to go to a doctor for a biomarker blood test, because the device could be worn at all times, sensing biomarker elevations in real time . |
通过检查标记物浓度数据, 辅以进一步的研究这样的系统, 可以大幅减少高危病人 进行标记物血检的需求, 因为该设备可以一直穿戴, 实时检测标记物升高。 |
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advanced:adj.先进的; v.前进; (advance的过去式和过去分词形式) significantly:adv.意味深长地;值得注目地; elevations:n.海拔高度(elevation的复数);高举步; real time:adj.实时的;接到指示立即执行的;
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| Thus, if the device senses the biomarker levels going beyond the critical point, the at-risk patient could be warned of an impending cardiac arrest and that he or she needs immediate medical attention. |
因此,如果设备检测到 标记物水平接近临界, 高危病人会收到心脏停搏预警 并需要及时的医疗措施。 |
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impending:adj.迫在眉睫的; v.(事件,危险等)逼近; (impend的现在分词)
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| Although the device may not be able to provide the patient with the complete analysis of the cardiac injury , it might be of immense help in actually indicating that the patient is in danger, so that the patient can be alarmed and know that immediate care is crucial . |
尽管该措施也许不能为病人提供 心脏损伤的完整分析, 它或许可以极大帮助 判断病人是否于处危险, 这样病人可以得到警示 知道必须立即采取措施。 |
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analysis:n.分析;分解;验定; injury:n.伤害,损害;受伤处; immense:adj.巨大的,广大的;无边无际的;非常好的; crucial:adj.重要的;决定性的;定局的;决断的;
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| Every at-risk patient will now receive more time to survive and reach out for medical help. |
每一个高危病人将会得到 更多时间保住生命并 得到医疗帮助。 |
| Consequently , they don't have to go for expensive and invasive medical treatments that would otherwise be necessary after a heart attack. |
最终,他们不需要 接受昂贵且激进的疗法, 而这样的治疗在 心脏病发作后有必要进行。 |
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Consequently:adv.因此;结果;所以;
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| When I got my device tested on at-risk patients under observation , results from the clinical validation tests certified close to a 96 percent accuracy and sensitivity . |
我观察了设备 在高危病人身上的测试, 临床验证结果 证明了近96%的准确性和灵敏度。 |
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observation:n.观察;观测;监视;(尤指据所见、所闻、所读而作的)评论; clinical:adj.临床的;诊所的; validation:n.确认;批准;生效; certified:adj.被证明了的; v.(尤指书面)证明,证实; (certify的过去式和过去分词) accuracy:n.[数]精确度,准确性; sensitivity:n.敏感;敏感性;过敏;
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| I intend to make my device available to people in two variants : one which gives digital analysis of the biomarker levels and a simpler version for the people in rural areas which simply vibrates when the biomarker levels go beyond the critical point. |
我想让人们获得两种版本的设备: 一种能够提供标记物水平的数字分析, 另一种是针对农村居民的简易版, 当水平超过临界点时设备就会震动。 |
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intend:v.打算;计划;想要; variants:n.[计]变体;变异型(variant的复数); digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键; rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的; vibrates:v.使震动;使颤动;使摆动(vibrate的第三人称单数);
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| When we look at our progress in cardiac health care today, it is more of sick care than preventative self-care and technology . |
当今,我们观察心脏医疗方面的进步时, 较多的是疾病护理而非 预防性的自我护理和技术。 |
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health care:n.卫生保健; preventative:n.预防法;预防物;adj.预防性的;防止的; self-care:n.自顾;利己; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
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| We literally wait for the heart attack to occur and put our vast majority of resources into post-care treatment. |
我们实际上在等心脏病发作, 并把大量资源放在护理后的治疗上。 |
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literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人: resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数);
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| But by then, irreversible damage will already be done. |
但到那时,不可逆的伤害已经造成。 |
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irreversible:adj.不可逆的;不能取消的;不能翻转的;
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| I firmly believe it's time for us to rethink medicine. |
我坚信是时候重新思考药物了。 |
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rethink:v.重新考虑;再想;n.重新考虑;反思;新想法;
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| We must establish proactive health-care technologies . |
我们必须建立积极主动的医疗技术。 |
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establish:v.创立;设立;建立;确立;使立足;查实; proactive:adj.前摄的(前一活动中的因素对后一活动造成影响的); health-care:n.卫生保健; technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数);
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| A change must be brought out not 10 years from now, not five years from now, but today. |
改变必须发生,不是十年内, 不是五年内, 而是今天。 |
| And so, hopefully, one day, with the help of these devices , someone else won't lose his or her grandfather just like I did. |
所以,希望有一天, 有了这些设备的帮助, 别人不会像我这样失去祖父。 |
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devices:n.[机][计]设备;[机]装置;[电子]器件(device的复数);
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| Thank you so much. |
非常感谢。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| Thank you. |
谢谢。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| Thank you. |
谢谢大家。 |