返回首页

AgnesBinagwaho_2019W-_女性是如何在卢旺达掀起革命的_-
I came back to my home of Rwanda two years after the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi. 在 1994 年卢旺达 图西族大屠杀事件发生两年后, 我回到了我的故乡,卢旺达。
genocide:n.种族灭绝;灭绝整个种族的大屠杀;
The country was devastated . 整个国家山河破碎,一片狼藉。
devastated:adj.不安的,混乱的,震惊的; v.彻底破坏; (devastate的过去分词和过去式)
The children I was caring for in the hospitals were dying from treatable conditions, because we didn't have equipment or medicine to save them. 我在医院里负责看护的孩子们, 都死于可治愈的疾病, 因为我们没有仪器 及药物去拯救他们的生命。
treatable:adj.能治疗的;好对付的;能处理的;
I was tempted to pack my bag and run away. 我曾想收拾行李,一走了之,
tempted:adj.想做…的; v.引诱; (tempt的过去分词和过去式)
But I debated with myself. 但我内心始终是矛盾的。
debated:v.讨论,辩论;思考;盘算;(debate的过去分词和过去式)
And because I'm really dedicated to social justice and equity , and there were only five pediatricians in total for millions of children in Rwanda, 因为我很想为社会的 公正平等出一份力, 并且卢旺达有成千上万的孩子, 却只有五位儿科医生,
dedicated:adj.献身的; v.把…奉献给; (dedicate的过去分词和过去式) justice:n.公平;公正;司法制度;审判; equity:n.公平,公正;衡平法;普通股;抵押资产的净值; pediatricians:n.儿科医师;[儿科]儿科医生(pediatrician的复数);
I decided to stay. 我决定留下来。
But among the people who have motivated my decision to stay, there were some fantastic women of Rwanda, some women who had faced the genocide and survived it. 然而在激励我下定决心 留下来的人中, 有许多了不起的卢旺达女性, 她们经历了大屠杀并活了下来。
motivated:adj.有动机的; v.使产生动机; fantastic:奇异的,空想的
They had to overcome unbelievable pain and suffering. 她们遭遇了难以想象的痛苦和煎熬。
overcome:vt.克服;胜过;vi.克服;得胜; unbelievable:adj.(非正式)难以置信的;不可信的
Some of them were raising children conceived through rape . 其中一些人哺育着 被强奸后生下的孩子。
conceived:v.构思;设想;(conceive的过去式); rape:n.强奸罪;强奸案;v.强奸;强暴;
Others were dying slowly with HIV and forgave the perpetrators , who voluntarily infected them using HIV and rape as a weapon. 其他人正被艾滋病侵蚀生命, 却原谅了那些 以艾滋病和强奸为凶器 让她们感染疾病的作恶之人。
HIV:n.艾滋病病毒; perpetrators:n.作恶者;行凶者;犯罪者;(perpetrator的复数) voluntarily:adv.自动地;以自由意志; infected:adj.带菌的; v.传染; (infect的过去分词和过去式)
So, they inspired me. 正是她们激励了我。
inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式)
If they can do that, 既然她们都能做到,
I can stay and try to do my best. 那我也可以留下来, 尽一些绵薄之力。
Those ladies were really activists of peace and reconciliation . 这些女性是真正的 和平和睦的积极倡导者。
reconciliation:n.和解;调和;和谐;甘愿;
They show us a way to rebuild a country for our children and grandchildren to have, one day, a place they can call home, with pride. 她们教会了我们如何重建一个国家, 让我们的子孙有朝一日 拥有一个他们能 自豪地称之为家的地方。
And you can ask yourself where this shift of mindset has brought our country. 你可以问问自己, 这种思维方式的转变 让我们国家发展到了哪一步。
shift:n.移动;变化;手段;轮班;v.移动;转变;转换; mindset:n.心态;倾向;习惯;精神状态;
Today in Rwanda, we have the highest percentage of women in parliament . 在今天的卢旺达, 我们拥有最高的女性议员占比。
percentage:n.百分比;百分率;利润的分成;提成; parliament:n.议会,国会;
(Applause) （掌声）
Wait till I tell you the percentage -- sixty-one percent. 别急,先让我告诉你们 这个比例是多少—— 百分之六十一。
(Applause) （掌声）
Today, we have the best campaign for the vaccination of children with, among our success, 93 percent of our girls vaccinated against HPV -- 今天,我们有最好的 儿童疫苗接种运动, 其中一项成就是, 高达 93% 的女孩接种了 HPV 疫苗——
vaccination:n.接种疫苗;种痘; vaccinated:v.给…接种疫苗;(vaccinate的过去分词和过去式)
(Applause) （掌声）
to protect them against cervical cancer . 以保护她们免受宫颈癌的侵袭。
cervical:adj.颈的;子宫颈的; cancer:n.癌症;恶性肿瘤;
In this country, it's 54. 在这个国家（美国）, 这个数字是 54%。
(Laughter) （笑声）
We have reduced child mortality by 75 percent, maternal mortality by 80 percent. 我们将儿童死亡率降低了 75%, 产妇死亡率降低了 80%。
mortality:n.死亡数,死亡率;必死性,必死的命运; maternal:adj.母亲的;母性的;母系的;母体遗传的;
In early 2000s, there were nine women who were dying every day around delivery and pregnancy . 在本世纪初, 每天都有 9 个女性 死于分娩和怀孕。
delivery:n.[贸易]交付;分娩;递送; pregnancy:n.怀孕;丰富,多产;意义深长;
Today, it's around two. 今天,只有大约两个。
It's an unfinished agenda . 这是一项尚未完成的计划,
agenda:n.议事日程;
We still have a long way to go. 我们还任重道远。
Two is still too much. 两个,还是太多了。
But, do I believe that those results are because we had a big number of women in power positions? 但是,我是不是认为这是 因为我们有许多掌权的女性 而带来的结果呢？
I do. 我确实那么认为。
(Laughter) （笑声）
There is -- yes -- 有一项——
(Applause) （掌声）
there is a study in the developing world that shows that if you improve the status of women, you improve the status of the community where they live. 如果你提高女性的地位, 就能提高她们所生活的社区的地位。
improve:v.改进;改善; status:n.地位;状态;情形;重要身份; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
Up to 47 percent of decrease in child mortality. 儿童死亡率会降低近 47%。
decrease:v.降低;减少;缩小;减弱;n.减少;减小量;所减少的总量;减缩位置;
And even in this country where we are now, it's true. 并且即使在我们现在 所在的这个国家, 这个结论也同样适用。
There is a study by a lady called Patricia Homan, who projected that if women and men were at parity in state legislatures , there would be a drop of 14.5 percent in child mortality -- in America! 一位名叫帕特里夏·霍曼的女士 做了一项研究, 她表示如果女性及男性 在国家立法上有同等地位的话, 儿童死亡率会下降 14.5%—— 就在美国！
parity:n.平价;同等;相等; legislatures:n.立法机关(legislature的复数);
So we know that women, when they use their skills in leadership positions, they enhance the entire population they are in charge of . 所以我们了解到, 当女性在领导者地位中发挥才干时, 她们会使所管理的 整个民族更加强大。
enhance:v.提高;增强;增进; in charge of:负责;主管;
And imagine what would happen if women were at parity with men all over the world. 再试想一下, 如果女性和男性在全世界都拥有 同等的地位,会发生什么。
What a huge benefit we could expect. 我们可以从中获得多大的利益啊。
Hmm? 对吧？
Oh, yeah. 没错。
(Applause) （掌声）
Because in general , we have a different style of leadership: more inclusive , more empathetic , more caring for little children. 因为总体来说, 我们拥有不同的领导风格: 更包容, 更有同理心, 对孩童更加关爱。
in general:总之,通常;一般而言; inclusive:adj.包括的,包含的; empathetic:adj.移情作用的;同感的(等于empathic);
And this makes the difference. 这些差异能够催生改变。
Unfortunately , this ideal doesn't exist in the world, and the difference between men and women in leadership positions is too big. 不幸的是, 世界上不存在这样的理想社会, 男女之间的领导地位差距 依然悬殊。
Unfortunately:adv.不幸地;
Gender inequity is the norm in the majority of professions , even in global health. 在多数职业中, 性别不平等已成为常态, 即使是在全球卫生领域中。
Gender:n.性别; inequity:n.不公平,不公正; norm:n.规范;标准;定额;常态;v.规范;规定; majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人: professions:n.行业,职业;业内人士;同行;(profession的复数) global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的;
I have learned that if we focus on women's education, we improve their life positively as well as the well-being of their community. 我认识到, 如果我们注重女性的教育, 我们就能积极地改善她们的生活 和其所在社区的福利。
positively:adv.肯定地;明确地;断然地; as well as:也;和…一样;不但…而且; well-being:n.幸福;康乐;
This is why now I dedicate my life to education. 这就是为什么 我现在投身于教育事业。
And this is totally aligned with my sense of equity and my pursuit of social justice, because if you want to increase access to health services, you need first to increase access to health education. 这与我对平等的观念, 及对社会公正的追求完美契合, 因为如果你想让更多人 能享受健康服务, 你首先需要让更多人 能接受健康教育。
aligned:adj.对齐的;均衡的;v.结盟(align的过去式);使成一直线; pursuit:n.追求;追赶;追捕;跟踪;
So with friends and partners, we are building a beautiful university in the rural north of Rwanda. 于是,我们和一众朋友、合作伙伴 共同在卢旺达北部的农村 建造了一所美丽的大学。
rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的;
We educate our students to provide quality, equitable , holistic care to everyone, leaving no one out, focusing on the vulnerable , especially women and children, who are historically the last to be served. 我们教育学生 要把高质量,平等全面的医疗 给予每个个体,不放弃任何人, 重点关注弱势者, 尤其是妇女和儿童, 这些群体历来都是最后一个受益的。
equitable:adj.公平的,公正的;平衡法的; holistic:adj.整体的;全盘的; vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的; especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; historically:adv.历史上地;从历史观点上说;
We transform them into leaders and give them managerial skills and advocacy skills for them to be smooth changemakers in the society where they will be, so that they can build health systems that allow them to care about the vulnerable where they are. 我们将他们变成领导者, 并教授他们管理及号召的技巧, 帮助他们成为自己所处的社会中 游刃有余的改造者, 这样他们就能建立起健康系统, 为当地的弱势群体提供服务。
transform:v.使改变;使改观;使转换;n.[数]变换式;[化]反式; managerial:adj.经理的;管理的; advocacy:n.主张;拥护;辩护; changemakers:变革者;创革者;爱创家;
And it's really transformative . 这是改革性的。
transformative:adj.变化的,变形的;有改革能力的;
Because currently , medical education, for example, is given in institutions based in cities, focused on quality health services and skills, clinical skills, to be given in institutions. 因为目前, 比如说,医学教育, 都是在城市的学院里传授的, 注重高质量的 健康服务和临床技巧, 这些课程都是在学院里开展的。
currently:adv.当前;一般地; institutions:n.机构;慈善机构;风俗习惯,制度;(institution的复数) clinical:adj.临床的;诊所的;
We also focus on quality clinical skills but with biosocial approach to the condition of patient , for care to be given in communities where the people live, with hospitalization only when necessary. 我们同样注重高质量临床技能, 但以生物社会学的方式, 针对病人情况, 对人们所在社区给予关爱, 只在必要时支持住院治疗。
approach:n.方法;路径;v.接近;建议;着手处理; patient:adj.有耐心的,能容忍的;n.病人;患者; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) hospitalization:n.住院治疗;医院收容;住院保险(等于hospitalizationinsurance);
And also, after four to seven years of clinical education in cities, young graduates don't want to go back to rural area. 并且, 在城市中经过四至七年的 临床学习之后, 年轻的毕业生并不想 回到农村地区。
So this is why we have built the University of Global Health Equity, an initiative of Partners in Health, called UGHE, in the rural north of Rwanda. 这就是为什么我们依照一项 名为 UGHE 的卫生合伙人的计划, 在卢旺达北部农村 设立了全球卫生平等大学。
initiative:n.倡议;主动性;积极性;主动权;adj.起始的;
(Applause) （掌声)
Our students are meant to go and change the world. 我们的学生 旨在改变世界。
They will come from all over -- it's a global university -- and will get the medical education for free at one condition: they have to serve the vulnerable across the world during six to nine years. 他们将会来自五湖四海—— 这是一所国际性学院—— 并能免费接受医学教育, 只有一个条件: 他们要为世界上的弱势群体服务 六至九年的时间。
They will keep the salary for themselves and their families but turn the education we give in quality clinical services, especially for the vulnerable. 他们的工资可以留给自己和家人, 但要将我们给予的教育 变成高质量的临床服务治疗, 尤其针对弱势群体。
And doing so, they sign an agreement at the start that they will do that, a binding agreement. 具体来说, 他们在入学前会签一张合同, 保证他们会如约履行任务, 这是一项约束协议。
binding:v.结合; n.(书籍的)封皮; adj.必须遵守的; (bind的现在分词)
We don't want money. 我们不想要钱。
We have to go and mobilize the money. 我们需要去动用那些资金。
mobilize:v.动员;动员;调动;组织;鼓动;调用;
But they will turn this in quality service delivery for all. 但它们会变为所有民众 都能享受的高质量服务。
For this, of course, we need a strong gender equity agenda. 为了实现这一目标, 我们当然还需要一个 强有力的性别平等议程。
And in all our classes, master's course, minimum of 50 percent of women. 在我们所有的 班级和硕士课程中, 需要有至少 50% 的女性。
minimum:n.最低限度;最小值;最少量;极小量;adj.最低的;最小的;最低限度的;
(Applause) （掌声）
And I'm proud to say that for the medical school that started five months ago, we have enrolled 70 percent girls. 并且我很自豪地说, 在五个月前开始运营的医学院中, 我们已经招募了 70% 的女孩。
enrolled:v.(使)加入;注册;登记;(enroll的过去分词和过去式)
(Applause) （掌声）
This is a statement against the current inequity for women to access medical education in our continent . 这是反对当今的不平等现象, 对我们土地上的女性 无法接受平等医学教育的宣战。
statement:n.声明;陈述,叙述;报表,清单; continent:n.大陆,洲,陆地;adj.自制的,克制的;
I believe in women's education. 我相信女性教育。
This is why I applaud African ladies who go all over the world to increase their education, their skills and their knowledge. 因此我赞赏那些周游世界 提高自身教育水平, 增长技能和知识的非洲女性。
applaud:v.欢呼;赞成;
But I hope they will bring that back to Africa to build the continent and make the continent a strong continent, because I'm sure a stronger Africa will make the world stronger. 但我希望她们能把所学带回非洲, 建设我们的土地, 让这片陆地更加强大, 因为我确信, 一个更强大的非洲会让世界更强大。
(Applause) （掌声）
Twenty-three years ago, 23 年前,
I went back to Rwanda, to a broken Rwanda, that now is still a poor country but shining with a bright future. 我回到卢旺达, 那个支离破碎的卢旺达, 虽然它现在仍是一个贫穷的国家, 但却拥有美好的未来。
And I am full of joy to have come back, even if some days were very difficult, and even if some days I was depressed , because I didn't find a solution and people were dying, or things were not moving enough. 我很高兴能回去, 即使有过艰难的日子, 即使有时我十分抑郁, 因为我没有找到解决问题的办法, 人们在死去, 或事情发展得不够好。
depressed:adj.沮丧的; v.使抑郁; (depress的过去式和过去分词) solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答;
But I'm so proud to have contributed to improve my community. 但我对自己为社区进步 做了贡献感到骄傲。
contributed:v.捐献,捐赠(尤指款或物); (contribute的过去式和过去分词)
And this makes me full of joy. 这件事使我满心欢喜。
So, African women from the diaspora , if you hear me, never forget your homeland. 所以,身居他乡的非洲女性们, 如果你听到了我的话, 永远不要忘记你的故乡。
diaspora:n.离散的犹太人;犹太人的离散;
And when you are ready, come back home. 当你准备好时,就回家吧。
I did so. 我这么做了,
It has fulfilled my life. 我的人生变得更加充实。
fulfilled:adj.感到满足的; v.实现; (fulfill的过去式和过去分词)
So, come back home. 所以,回家吧。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）